São Paulo - Even in the face of increasing environmental pressures, India shows no signs of his appetite for energy "dirty" is changing. On the contrary. In 2015, when the global demand for coal suffered a record decline, consumption in India grew and, according to the World Coal Association (WCA), the country must become the main driver of this source in the next 25 years, with growth expected 4% per year.
Currently, India is the second country most dependent on coal in the world, behind only China. As occurred in the neighbor, the expansion of this fuel in India is linked to urban development, the need for universal access to electricity and also the growth of the industrial park. But none of this comes for free.
India's greenhouse gas emissions - villains of global warming - increased by 29% between 2007 and 2012. The figure is a new report from GHG Platform India, the first independent estimate of emissions made to the Asian country, released last Friday -feira (15) by a coalition of six organizations of civil society in that country.
The platform is based on SEEG, the GHG Emissions Estimating System created by the Climate Observatory, a Brazilian network of non-governmental organizations, which produces annual estimates of Brazilian emissions since 2013.
According to the study, emissions in India increased by 1.93 billion tons of CO2 equivalent in 2007 to 2.49 billion tons in 2012. The latest official data submitted to the United Nations in the Biennial Update Report of India ( BUR), refer to 2010. the difference between the platform data civil society and the BUR for this year is 2%.
No wonder that the highest growth (33.8%) was observed in the energy sector, mainly due to the burning of coal for electricity generation. In this sector, transport emissions increased by 40% to 230 million tons, but these values are small front of the public electricity generation (916.3 million tons, an increase of 36%).
In addition to contributing to global warming, emissions of fine pollution particles generated by coal plants are costly to the health of people, to the public coffers and human diginidade (is known to hand-holding of child labor in the mines).
A study of 2013 associated with the dependence on coal in India to 20 million new cases of asthma and heart problems a year, and more than 100,000 premature deaths (10 000 only children under 5 years old), generating a environmental crisis that costs about $ 4.6 billion for the Indian health system. A problem that should worsen.
India's demand for electricity is expected to grow 3.8 times between 2016 and 2040. And despite the investments for renewable energy, India will continue to rely heavily on coal for power plants to meet the growing demand, the calculations of Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF), which should triple the annual emissions by the country's energy sector by 2040.
And if you doubt about the "appetite" Indian by coal, they fall to the ground before the country's intention to reopen the commercial coal mining to private companies for the first time in four decades, in order to double its local coal production to 1 5 billion tons per year by 2020 and achieve self-sufficiency.
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